最终的 /etc/profile :#在文件最后添加 # /etc/profile # System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup # Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc # It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you # are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in # /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this # will prevent the need for merging in future updates. pathmunge () { case ":${PATH}:" in *:"$1":*) ;; *) if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then PATH=$PATH:$1 else PATH=$1:$PATH fi esac } if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then # ksh workaround EUID=`id -u` UID=`id -ru` fi USER="`id -un`" LOGNAME=$USER MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER" fi # Path manipulation if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then pathmunge /sbin pathmunge /usr/sbin pathmunge /usr/local/sbin else pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after pathmunge /usr/sbin after pathmunge /sbin after fi HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null` HISTSIZE=1000 if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth else export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups fi export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL # By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell # Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200 # You could check uidgid reservation validity in # /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then umask 002 else umask 022 fi for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do if [ -r "$i" ]; then if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then . "$i" else . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1 fi fi done #在文件最后添加 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79 export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1 export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native/" export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/lib unset i unset -f pathmunge ulimit -n 65535 1.准备Linux环境 1.0点击VMware快捷方式，右键打开文件所在位置 -> 双击vmnetcfg.exe -> VMnet1 host-only ->修改subnet ip 设置网段：192.168.8.0 子网掩码：255.255.255.0 -> apply -> ok 回到windows --> 打开网络和共享中心 -> 更改适配器设置 -> 右键VMnet1 -> 属性 -> 双击IPv4 -> 设 置windows的IP：192.168.8.100 子网掩码：255.255.255.0 -> 点击确定 在虚拟软件上 --My Computer -> 选中虚拟机 -> 右键 -> settings -> network adapter -> host only -> ok 1.1修改主机名 vim /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=itcast01 ### 1.2修改IP 两种方式： 第一种：通过Linux图形界面进行修改（强烈推荐） 进入Linux图形界面 -> 右键点击右上方的两个小电脑 -> 点击Edit connections -> 选中当前 网络System eth0 -> 点击edit按钮 -> 选择IPv4 -> method选择为manual -> 点击add按钮 -> 添加IP：192.168.8.118 子 网掩码：255.255.255.0 网关：192.168.1.1 -> apply 第二种：修改配置文件方式（屌丝程序猿专用） vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO="static" ### HWADDR="00:0C:29:3C:BF:E7" IPV6INIT="yes" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" UUID="ce22eeca-ecde-4536-8cc2-ef0dc36d4a8c" IPADDR="192.168.8.118" ### NETMASK="255.255.255.0" ### GATEWAY="192.168.8.1" ### 1.3修改主机名和IP的映射关系 vim /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 192.168.8.118 itcast01 1.4关闭防火墙 #查看防火墙状态 service iptables status #关闭防火墙 service iptables stop #查看防火墙开机启动状态 chkconfig iptables --list #关闭防火墙开机启动 chkconfig iptables off 1.5重启Linux reboot 2.安装JDK 2.1上传 2.2解压jdk #创建文件夹 mkdir /usr/java #解压 tar -zxvf jdk-7u55-linux-i586.tar.gz -C /usr/java/ 2.3将java添加到环境变量中 vim /etc/profile #在文件最后添加 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_55 export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin #刷新配置 source /etc/profile 3.安装hadoop2.4.1 注意：hadoop2.x的配置文件$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop 伪分布式需要修改5个配置文件 3.1配置hadoop 第一个：hadoop-env.sh vim hadoop-env.sh #第27行 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_65 第二个：core-site.xml fs.defaultFS hdfs://itcast01:9000 hadoop.tmp.dir /itcast/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp ===============ok================= fs.defaultFS hdfs://itcast01:9000 hadoop.tmp.dir /home/tempData =================================== 第三个：hdfs-site.xml dfs.replication 1 第四个：mapred-site.xml (mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml) mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml vim mapred-site.xml mapreduce.framework.name yarn 第五个：yarn-site.xml yarn.resourcemanager.hostname itcast01 yarn.nodemanager.aux-services mapreduce_shuffle 3.2将hadoop添加到环境变量 vim /etc/proflie export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_65 export HADOOP_HOME=/itcast/hadoop-2.4.1 export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin source /etc/profile 3.3格式化namenode（是对namenode进行初始化） hdfs namenode -format (hadoop namenode -format) 17/05/16 17:13:12 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp/dfs/name has been successfully formatted. [root@itcast01 dfs]# cd name [root@itcast01 name]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 16 17:13 current [root@itcast01 name]# cd current/ [root@itcast01 current]# ll total 16 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 351 May 16 17:13 fsimage_0000000000000000000 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 62 May 16 17:13 fsimage_0000000000000000000.md5 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2 May 16 17:13 seen_txid -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 207 May 16 17:13 VERSION 3.4启动hadoop cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/sbin 先启动HDFS sbin/start-dfs.sh 再启动YARN sbin/start-yarn.sh 3.5验证是否启动成功 使用jps命令验证 27408 NameNode 28218 Jps 27643 SecondaryNameNode
28066 NodeManager 27803 ResourceManager 27512 DataNode http://192.168.233.128:50070 （HDFS管理界面） http://192.168.233.128:8088 （MR管理界面） http://192.168.30.128:50070 （HDFS管理界面） http://192.168.30.128:8088 （MR管理界面） ***************************************************************************************************************************************************** 从日志中可以看出hadoop库不在java.library.path所配置的目录下，应该是java.library.path配置的路径有问题。在 hadoop-env.sh中重新配置： export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native/" 执行start-dfs.sh，告警信息不再显示。经测试，其实只需export HADOOP_OPTS即可解决问题。 验证本地库是否加载成功：hadoop checknative 4.配置ssh免登陆 #生成ssh免登陆密钥 #进入到我的home目录 cd ~/.ssh ssh-keygen -t rsa （四个回车） 执行完这个命令后，会生成两个文件id_rsa（私钥）、id_rsa.pub（公钥） 将公钥拷贝到要免登陆的机器上 ssh-copy-id localhost login as: rootroot@192.168.233.128's password:Access deniedroot@192.168.233.128's password:Last login: Tue May 16 17:38:14 2017 from 192.168.233.7[root@itcast01 ~]# lltotal 72-rw-------. 1 root root 1377 Jul 17 2013 anaconda-ks.cfg-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 49350 Jul 17 2013 install.log-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10033 Jul 17 2013 install.log.syslog[root@itcast01 ~]# cd /home[root@itcast01 home]# lltotal 8drwx------. 29 hadoop hadoop 4096 May 16 19:01 hadoopdrwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 May 16 17:49 tempData[root@itcast01 home]# cd tempData/[root@itcast01 tempData]# lltotal 8drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 May 16 17:46 dfsdrwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 nm-local-dir[root@itcast01 tempData]# cd dfs[root@itcast01 dfs]# l-bash: l: command not found[root@itcast01 dfs]# lltotal 12drwx------. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 datadrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 namedrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 namesecondary[root@itcast01 dfs]# cd name[root@itcast01 name]# lltotal 4drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 16 18:20 current[root@itcast01 name]# cd current/1-bash: cd: current/1: No such file or directory[root@itcast01 name]# cd current/[root@itcast01 current]# lltotal 2080-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42 May 16 17:49 edits_0000000000000000001-0000000000000000002-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1048576 May 16 17:49 edits_0000000000000000003-0000000000000000003-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42 May 16 18:20 edits_0000000000000000004-0000000000000000005-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1048576 May 16 18:20 edits_inprogress_0000000000000000006-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 351 May 16 17:49 fsimage_0000000000000000002-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 62 May 16 17:49 fsimage_0000000000000000002.md5-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 351 May 16 18:20 fsimage_0000000000000000005-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 62 May 16 18:20 fsimage_0000000000000000005.md5-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2 May 16 18:20 seen_txid-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 207 May 16 17:46 VERSION[root@itcast01 current]# jps2395 Jps[root@itcast01 current]# cd /usr[root@itcast01 usr]# lltotal 289524dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 40960 May 15 09:57 bindrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 etcdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 games-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 138656756 Aug 14 2014 hadoop-2.4.1.tar.gz-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4130304 May 15 23:17 hadoop-native-64-2.4.1.tardrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 includedrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 15 10:49 java-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 153512879 May 15 04:26 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gzdr-xr-xr-x. 27 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 libdr-xr-xr-x. 106 root root 61440 May 4 04:34 lib64drwxr-xr-x. 25 root root 12288 May 4 04:34 libexecdrwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 May 15 09:37 localdr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 12288 May 4 04:34 sbindrwxr-xr-x. 219 root root 4096 May 15 09:58 sharedrwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 srclrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Jul 17 2013 tmp -> ../var/tmp[root@itcast01 usr]# cd local/[root@itcast01 local]# lltotal 44drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 bindrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 etcdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 gamesdrwxr-xr-x. 11 67974 users 4096 May 15 14:37 hadoop-2.4.1drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 includedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 libdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 lib64drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 libexecdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 sbindrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 sharedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 src[root@itcast01 local]# cd hadoop-2.4.1/[root@itcast01 hadoop-2.4.1]# lltotal 60drwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 bindrwxr-xr-x. 3 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 etcdrwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 includedrwxr-xr-x. 3 501 games 4096 Jun 30 2014 libdrwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 libexec-rw-r--r--. 1 67974 users 15458 Jun 21 2014 LICENSE.txtdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:20 logs-rw-r--r--. 1 67974 users 101 Jun 21 2014 NOTICE.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 67974 users 1366 Jun 21 2014 README.txtdrwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 sbindrwxr-xr-x. 4 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 sharedrwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 May 15 14:45 tmp[root@itcast01 hadoop-2.4.1]# cd sbin/[root@itcast01 sbin]# lltotal 116-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 2752 Jun 21 2014 distribute-exclude.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 5814 Jun 21 2014 hadoop-daemon.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1360 Jun 21 2014 hadoop-daemons.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1597 Jun 21 2014 hdfs-config.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1427 Jun 21 2014 hdfs-config.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 2291 Jun 21 2014 httpfs.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 4063 Jun 21 2014 mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1648 Jun 21 2014 refresh-namenodes.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 2145 Jun 21 2014 slaves.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1727 Jun 21 2014 start-all.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1471 Jun 21 2014 start-all.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1128 Jun 21 2014 start-balancer.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1360 Jun 21 2014 start-dfs.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 3705 Jun 21 2014 start-dfs.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1357 Jun 21 2014 start-secure-dns.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1524 Jun 21 2014 start-yarn.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1347 Jun 21 2014 start-yarn.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1718 Jun 21 2014 stop-all.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1462 Jun 21 2014 stop-all.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1179 Jun 21 2014 stop-balancer.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1414 Jun 21 2014 stop-dfs.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 3206 Jun 21 2014 stop-dfs.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1340 Jun 21 2014 stop-secure-dns.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1595 Jun 21 2014 stop-yarn.cmd-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1340 Jun 21 2014 stop-yarn.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 4278 Jun 21 2014 yarn-daemon.sh-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1353 Jun 21 2014 yarn-daemons.sh[root@itcast01 sbin]# start-dfs.shStarting namenodes on [itcast01]root@itcast01's password:root@itcast01's password: itcast01: Permission denied, please try again.itcast01: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-itcast01.outroot@localhost's password:root@localhost's password: localhost: Permission denied, please try again.localhost: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-itcast01.outStarting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]root@0.0.0.0's password:0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-itcast01.out[root@itcast01 sbin]# jps2636 DataNode2514 NameNode2790 SecondaryNameNode2892 Jps[root@itcast01 sbin]# start-yarn.shstarting yarn daemonsstarting resourcemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-itcast01.outroot@localhost's password:localhost: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-itcast01.out[root@itcast01 sbin]# jps3048 NodeManager3268 Jps2636 DataNode2514 NameNode2946 ResourceManager2790 SecondaryNameNode[root@itcast01 sbin]#